chemical formula: B₄C is an artificially synthesized ultra-hard ceramic material, ranking as the third hardest substance after diamond and cubic boron nitride. It appears gray-black and exhibits a high melting point (~2450°C), low density (2.52 g/cm³), exceptional wear resistance, high neutron absorption cross-section, and excellent chemical stability. Primary applications include nuclear industry (neutron absorber rods), ballistic armor (body armor plates), wear-resistant components (sandblasting nozzles), and aerospace. Its extreme hardness combined with lightweight properties makes it a critical strategic material.